2025MBA報考測評申請中......

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導讀:

  無論是英譯漢還是漢譯英,都提出“忠實”、“通順”為其基本標準,這是大家所公認的。雖然英譯漢和漢譯英都以“忠實”、“通順”為其標準,但并不等于它們之間沒有差異,更不等于它們沒有各自的特點。

  比如,字面和實質往往有很大的差距,“七嘴八舌”就不能譯成“七張嘴八條舌頭”,“寒暄”也不能譯成“寒冷的談話”,“干脆”也不宜譯成“又干又脆”,“在朋友面前我只感到慚愧”(巴金《朋友》),也不宜說成“羞愧”(ashamed),實指“不好意思”(illatease)。

  下面,社科賽斯MBA輔導老師詳細為大家介紹如何進行長句的翻譯,首先要進行斷句,漢語的斷句是個難點漢語是形散意連,斷句不如英語那樣嚴格。如何劃分漢語的句界之間的關系,在很多情況下要取決于讀者的語感和對語句的理解,

  如:每一個人,作為社會的一個成員,有權享受其人格和尊嚴的自由發展所必需的社會、經濟、文化權利,這些權利是通過國家努力和國際合作來實現的,并且與所在國家的組織、資源、現狀相一致。

  對于這種比較復雜的中文句子,在正式翻譯成英文句子之前,應當按照它的含義,將它劃分成不同的部分,以便我們確定英文句子的結構。首先將這個中文句子劃分成6個部分,請特別注意,第4部分嵌套在第3部分中間。\

  ①每一個人,②作為社會的一個成員,③有權享受 [④其人格和尊嚴的自由發展所必需的] 社會、經濟、文化權利,⑤這些權利是通過國家努力和國際合作來實現的,⑥并且與所在國家的組織、資源、現狀相一致。

  
  這樣劃分之后,可以初步決定,將第4、5、6部分翻譯成三個定語從句,用來修飾第3部分的最后一個單詞rights:

  ①Everyone

  ②as a member of society

  ③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

  
  ④which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

  ⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation

  ⑥which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.  

  不過,在英語中,通常是一個定語從句修飾一個名詞,很少有三個定語從句修飾一個名詞,因此我臨時決定,將第4部分改寫成一個短語,將第5、6部分合并成一個定語句子,請看:

  
  ①Everyone

  ②as a member of society

  ③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

  
  ④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

  ⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

  
  最后,將這5個部分組合起來,就是這個中文句子的英文譯文。

  
  Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

  
  另提供一版本如下:

  
  Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.